Pleasure and pain#
Summary#
Pleasure and pain are dismissed as mere “accompanying circumstances and secondary considerations” that naive philosophies like hedonism, utilitarianism, and eudaemonism mistakenly use to measure the worth of things. Nietzsche argues that those conscious of creative powers look down upon such modes of thinking, recognizing that the discipline of great suffering has produced all elevations of humanity. Systems of philosophy that deal only with pleasure and pain are deemed naivetes, as there are higher problems demanding attention.